Question 5 from UPSC CSE 2025 - Polity & Governanc e

Question

Consider the following pairs:
I. Separation of Judiciary from the Executive in the public services of the State: Directive Principles of State Policy
II. Valuing and preserving of the rich heritage of our composite culture: Fundamental Duties
III. Prohibition of employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories: Fundamental Rights
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: C. All three

Strategy: Each pair associates a constitutional provision with a broad thematic area: check each for accurate connection. Pair I directly belongs to the Directive Principles (Article 50), pair II is worded almost verbatim from Fundamental Duties (Article 51A(f)), and pair III outlines the child labour ban, a well-known Fundamental Right (Article 24). All pairs clearly reflect their respective categories without ambiguity.

Key Info: *   **Article 50 (Directive Principles of State Policy)**: Contained in Part IV of the Constitution, this article directs the State to separate the judiciary from the executive in public services, ensuring judicial independence at the subordinate level.
*   **Fundamental Duties (Article 51A(f))**: Listed under Article 51A in Part IVA (introduced by the 42nd Amendment, 1976), clause (f) specifically requires citizens 'to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture'.
*   **Article 24 (Fundamental Rights)**: Within Part III, this article explicitly prohibits the employment of children under 14 years in factories, mines, or other hazardous employment, affirming child protection as a justiciable right.
*   **Constitutional Parts Overview**: These provisions collectively embody the spirit of constitutional governance, balancing citizen duties, fundamental protections, and guiding principles for the state.
    *   Part III (Articles 12-35) comprises Fundamental Rights.
    *   Part IV (Articles 36-51) covers Directive Principles.
    *   Part IVA (Article 51A) refers to Fundamental Duties.

Answer

Option A: Only one

Answer

Option B: Only two

Answer

Option D: None