Question 21 from UPSC CSE 2016 - Environment

Question

Which of the following statements is/are correct? Proper design and effective implementation of the UN-REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to:
1. Protection of biodiversity
2. Resilience of forest ecosystems
3. Poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

IASCODEX · Accepted Answer

Correct Option: D. 1, 2, and 3

Strategy: First, understand the core mandate of the UN-REDD+ Programme: Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, plus the conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks. Statement 1, 'Protection of biodiversity,' is directly linked to preventing deforestation and promoting conservation, as forests are biodiversity hotspots. Statement 2, 'Resilience of forest ecosystems,' naturally follows from sustainable management and conservation efforts, making ecosystems healthier and more robust. Statement 3, 'Poverty reduction,' is also a key aspect, as the programme provides financial incentives to developing countries and forest-dependent communities for forest protection, thereby fostering sustainable livelihoods and 'pro-poor development.' All three aspects are integral to the holistic approach of REDD+.

Key Info: The UN-REDD+ Programme is a collaborative initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Launched in 2008, it supports developing countries in their efforts to implement REDD+ activities.

## REDD+ Concept

REDD+ stands for 'Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation,' with the '+' signifying the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks. Its primary goal is to create financial value for the carbon stored in forests, providing incentives for developing countries to reduce emissions from forested lands and invest in low-carbon paths to sustainable development.

## Key Contributions and Objectives

- **Climate Change Mitigation:** By preventing deforestation and degradation, REDD+ directly reduces greenhouse gas emissions, contributing significantly to global climate action.
- **Protection of Biodiversity:** Forests are critical habitats for a vast array of species. Preventing their destruction and degradation inherently safeguards biodiversity. Sustainable forest management practices further enhance conservation efforts.
- **Resilience of Forest Ecosystems:** Promoting conservation and sustainable management strengthens forest health, making ecosystems more resilient to environmental changes, pests, diseases, and extreme weather events. This ensures their continued provision of ecosystem services.
- **Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Livelihoods:** REDD+ aims to provide economic incentives and develop alternative, sustainable livelihoods for forest-dependent communities. The financial flows generated by carbon credits can support 'pro-poor development,' improve local economies, and reduce poverty among communities that rely on forest resources, thereby aligning economic development with environmental protection.
- **Ecosystem Services:** Beyond carbon sequestration, healthy forests provide vital ecosystem services such as water regulation, soil conservation, and local climate moderation.

IASCODEX · Answer

Option A: 1 and 2 only

IASCODEX · Answer

Option B: 3 only

IASCODEX · Answer

Option C: 2 and 3 only

Which of the following statements is/are correct? Proper design and effective implementation of the UN-REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to: Protection of biodiversity Resilience of forest ecosystems Poverty reduction Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Which of the following statements is/are correct? Proper design and effective implementation of the UN-REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to:

Protection of biodiversity

Resilience of forest ecosystems

Poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below.