Question 37 from UPSC CSE 2018 - Post- Independenc e

Question

Who among the following were the founders of the 'Hind Mazdoor Sabha' established in 1948?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: D. Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujan, and G.G. Mehta

Strategy: The strategy involves identifying the core founders of Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) by focusing on their association with post-independence labor union and socialist movements. Key steps include:

*   **Identify relevant figures:** Specifically look for founders like Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujan, and G.G. Mehta, who are known HMS founders.
*   **Exclude unrelated figures:** Disregard names linked to Communism (e.g., EMS Namboodiripad, B. Krishna Pillai) or other non-socialist/labor political currents.
*   **Verify against options:** Eliminate options containing figures like Jayaprakash Narayan or Kamaraj, who were not part of the HMS founding group.

Key Info: Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS) is one of India's largest trade union federations, established on 24 December 1948, at Howrah.

## Formation and Key Figures
*   **Established:** 24 December 1948, at Howrah.
*   **Founding figures include:**
    *   Ashok Mehta (Socialist leader, General Secretary of HMS)
    *   R.S. Ruikar (President at inception)
    *   T.S. Ramanujam
    *   G.G. Mehta
    *   Basawan Singh (Sinha)
    *   Mani Benkara
    *   Shibnath Banerjee
    *   R.K. Khedgikar
    *   V.S. Mathur

## Ideology and Affiliations
*   Emerged as a 'third force,' distinguishing itself from INTUC (Congress-affiliated) and AITUC (Communist influence).
*   Aimed for trade union independence from government and political parties.
*   Absorbed remnants of the Indian Federation of Labour (founded by M.N. Roy's followers) and the Socialist Hind Mazdoor Panchayat.
*   Upholds non-communist, non-Congress trade unionism.
*   Recognized by the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).

## Historical Role
*   Played a significant role in post-independence labor advocacy and policy.

Answer

Option A: B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad, and K.C. George

Answer

Option B: Jayaprakash Narayan, Deen Dayal Upadhyay, and M.N. Roy

Answer

Option C: C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj, and Veeresalingam Pantulu