Question 78 from UPSC CSE 2023 - Internatio nal Relations

Question

Consider the following statements about G-20:
1. The G-20 group was originally established as a platform for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss international economic and financial issues.
2. Digital public infrastructure is one of India's G-20 priorities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

IASCODEX · Accepted Answer

Correct Option: C. Both 1 and 2

Strategy: Spot the historical context in statement 1--it refers to the original formation of G-20 in 1999, which indeed began as a forum for Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors. Statement 2 can be checked with recent news about India's G-20 presidency, where Digital Public Infrastructure was prominently highlighted as a priority. Both statements align with established facts, so select the option covering both.

Key Info: The G-20 (Group of Twenty) is an international forum established in 1999 in response to the financial crises of the late 1990s. Its founding objective was to bring together Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors from major advanced and emerging economies to discuss policy issues pertaining to the stability of the global financial system. The G-20 comprises 19 countries and the European Union, accounting collectively for about 85% of world GDP, 75% of international trade, and two-thirds of the global population. In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, the G-20's role expanded, with summits now including Heads of State or Government. India held the G-20 presidency in 2023, emphasizing priorities such as Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI). DPI refers to foundational digital systems (like digital identity, payment platforms, and data exchanges) that enable delivery of services and economic participation at scale. India championed DPI as a cross-cutting theme in several working groups (Digital Economy, Health, Financial Inclusion etc.), underlining its importance for inclusive growth and development.

IASCODEX · Answer

Option A: 1 only

IASCODEX · Answer

Option B: 2 only

IASCODEX · Answer

Option D: Neither 1 nor 2